Since the 2nd century and 3rd century BC, in China and Egypt there is music that has a certain shape. By getting the influence of Egyptian and Babylonian, Hebrew music that developed later evolved into Church music.
The music was then favored by the public, because of the musicians who loiter and sing songs that are used in church ceremonies. The music was spread all over Europe has grown, and instrumental music developed rapidly after no improvement in musical instruments such as violin and cello. Orgel then timbulah instrument. Great composers emerged in Germany, France, Italy, and Russia. In the 19th century, a sense of nationhood began to wake up and grow. Therefore, the development of music broken out by nationality respectively, although at first both Romantic style. Start of the 20th century, France became the pioneer with the impressionistic music soon replaced with the music expressionistic.
A. The development of World MusicMusic has been around since the ancient age and used as a tool to accompany the ceremonies of the trust. Changes in the history of the greatest music in the Middle Ages, due to changes in the state of the world's increasing. Music is not only used for religious purposes, but used also for worldly affairs
DEVELOPMENT OF MUSIC IN SIX DAYS OF THE WORLD DIVIDED:
1. Medieval timesMedieval cultural history is the day between the end of the Roman Empire (476 AD) up to the Age of Reformation Christianity by Marthen Luther (1572M). Music in the Age of the development is caused by the change of state of the world is increasing, which led to new discoveries in all fields, including culture. Changes in the history of music is that music tedak again focused on the religious significance but is used also for worldly affairs, as a means of entertainment.
The next development is the improvement of writing the music and the basics of music theory that was developed by Guido d'Arezzo (1050 M)
Music by using a voice growing in Western Europe. Music Greogrian refined by Pope Gregory.
Music pioneer in the Middle Ages are:1. Dufay Gullanme of France.2. Adam de la Halle of Germany.2. Renaissance Period (1500 - 1600)Renaissance era is the era after the Middle Ages, Renaissance means Rebirth of a high level of culture that have been lost in the Roman Period. Studied music with special traits, examples of love songs, songs of heroism. Instead the music of the Church suffered a setback. At this time a musical instrument Piano and Organ is already known, so comes the instrumental music. In developing the art of Florence Opera. Opera is a play with music accompanied the by singers.
Composers in the Renaissance Period include:1. Giovanni Gabrieli (1557 - 1612) from Italy.2. Galilei (1533 - 1591) from Italy.3. Claudio Monteverdi (1567 - 1643) from Venice.4. Jean Baptiste Lully (1632 - 1687) from France.3. Baroque era and RokokoAdvancement of music in medieval times was marked by the emergence of new music streams, including the Baroque and Rokoko flow. Both streams are nearly the same nature, namely the use of ornamental (Musical ornaments). The difference is that wearing ornamental Baroque music that deserahkan on spontaneous improvisation by the players, while the music is recorded Rokoko all ornamental decoration.
Composers in the Age of Baroque and Rokoko:A. Johan Sebastian BachBorn on March 21, 1685 in Eisenach Germany, died on July 28, 1750 at Lipzig Germany. Her work is very beautiful and famous:1. St. Mathew Passion.2. Mass in b minor.3. 13 pieces of piano concerts with orchestra4. Brandenburg Concerto 6 pieces
Spin-gubahannya underlie modern music. Koral Sebastian Bach composed the music (music for Preaching Church) and created the instrumental songs.At the end of his life Sebastian Bach became blind and died in Leipzig
B. George F. HandelBorn in Leipzig, Saxony February 23, 1685 in London, died in London on 14 April 1759.During his childhood he had shown bekat expertise in playing music. In 1703, he moved to Hamburg to become anggaota Opera Orchestra. In 1712 he again visited England.Famous creations are the result;1. Messiah, which is the Oratorio (name of a type of music) are well known.2. Water Music (Air Music).3. Work Fire Music (Musical Fireworks).Work Fire Water Music and Music is the most famous orchestra. He died in London and was buried in Westminster Abbey.4. Classical Period (1750 - 1820)Dimukai classical music history in 1750, after the end of Baroque music and Rokoko.The characteristics of Classical Music Period:a. Use of the dynamics of Hard to Soft, Crassendo and Decrasscendo.b. Changes in tempo with accelerandos (the Fast) and Ritarteando (more gently).c. Restricted the use of ornamentald. Use of Accodr 3 tones.
Composers in the Classical Period include:1. Frans Joseph Haydn (1732 - 1809),Rohrau born in Austria, he died on May 31, 1809 in Vienna Austria. The work of creation, namely: Piano Sonata, 87 pieces of the quartet, 24 pieces of opera, symphony 100 pieces, most notably The Surprisse Sympony. In the history of music, most famous as the father of Joseph Haydn symphony orchestra and the manifest form of the quartet as we know it today. In Vienna he was recognized as a reliable Composers Austria.2. Amandeus Wolfgang Mozart (1756 - 1791)Born on 27 January 1756 in Salzburg Austria, died on December 5, 1791 in Vienna Austria. Her work is: Requiem Mars, 40 pieces Simfony, Opera Don Geovani, quintet Viola, Piano Concerto. At the age of 3 years he has been able to generate melodies and apply on hrpsikord Accor. At the age of 5 years he has started to create songs and appeared in public at age 6 years, then with her sister held a tour around Europe. In 1781 he moved to Vienna and fabricate termaahur creation creations. His playing is amazing, so dijiluki Boy Wonder. Even getting a lot of success, but he was very poor and in a miserable state, he died in Vienna at the age of 35 years and was buried in the cemetery poor. He wrote many compositions in different forms but are firm believers in pure classical style.
5. Romantic Period (1820 - 1900)Romantic music is very concerned with the subjective feelings. Music is not only used to achieve the beauty of the tones, but is used to express feelings. Therefore, dynamics and tempo is widely used. Composers in the Romantic Period:a. Ludwig Von Bethoven of Germany.b. Franz Peter Schubert of Vienna.c. Francois Fredrick Chopin from Polandd. Robert Alexander Schumann of Germany.e. Johannes Brahms from Hamburg Germany.
Biography Composers Romantic Period:A. Ludwig Von Beethoven (1770 - 1827)Born December 1770 in Bonn Germany, he died on March 26, 1827 in Vienna Austria.He named himself as the poet Nada. Since the age of 4 years he studied music under the care of ayanhnya. At the age of 17 he went to Vienna to meet the composers Mozart, then Mozart gave the guidance of her music, so he can become a good musician, a gifted hand and komonis. At age 30 his hearing began to diminish, and the deaf their hearing 50 years of age at all. Ninth Symphonies at his creation was born, he could no longer hear the results of his work. On March 26, 1827, he died in Vienna. He lived a very miserable, but was able to create the world's most beautiful Sonata. The results of his creations include:- 5 pieces of cello and piano sonata.- 9 pieces symfony- 32 piano sonatas.
B. Scubert Peter Franz (1797 - 1828)Born in Vienna January 31, 1797, he died on December 19, 1828, his creations include: Ave Maria, The Erl King, Antinghed Symphony, Gretchen At The spining Sheel, The Wild Rose. Schubert had a melodious voice and a chorus penyayi Imperial Choir. Then he deepened his musical knowledge in the field of composition. At the time of death, he was unknown to many and berpasan to be buried near Beethoven meal. He left 100 pieces of his work, most of the songs solo.
C. Wilhelm Richard Wagner (1813 - 1883)Born on May 22, 1813 in Leipzig Germany, died February 13, 1883 in Venice. Results creations antaralain: Tannhauser, Die Von Maistersinger Hurberg, Lohengrin, Der Fliegende Holander.
D. Johannes Brahms (1883 - 1897)Born May 7, 1883 in Hamburg Germany, he died on 3 April 1897 in Vienna Austria. The results of his creations: Hungarian Dance, Ein Muskoor Deusches Requiem, String Quartet .. paa age of 14 years he has become a good pianist. He was a Romantic composer of the last of the stream, his work is very beautiful.6. Modern Period (1900 - present)Music at this age do not recognize the legal adanay-laws and regulations, because the progress of science and technology is rapidly increasing, for example, the discovery of such techniques in the field of Film, Radio, and Television. At this time people want to express something freely.
Composers in the Modern Age:1. Claude Achille Debussy from France2. Bella Bartok from Honggaria.3. Maurice Ravel in France.4. Fedorovinsky Igor from Russia5. Edward Benjamin Britten from the UK.
Reference
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